Python实现安全清理各种系统垃圾文件

class SystemCleaner:def __init__(self):self.os_type = platform.system().lower() self.cleanup_rules = []self.whitelist = set() self.cleaned_files = []self.cleaned_size = 0 self.errors = []

# 默认清理规则self._set_default_rules()

def _set_default_rules(self):"""设置默认清理规则"""if self.os_type == 'windows':# Windows系统默认清理规则self.cleanup_rules.extend([{'name': '临时文件','paths': [os.environ.get('TEMP', ''),os.path.join(os.environ.get('SYSTEMROOT', ''), 'Temp'),os.path.expanduser('~\\AppData\\Local\\Temp')],'patterns': ['*'],'age_days': 7},{'name': '回收站','paths': [os.path.join(drive + ':\\', '$Recycle.Bin') for drive in 'CDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'],'patterns': ['*'],'age_days': 30},{'name': '浏览器缓存','paths': [os.path.expanduser('~\\AppData\\Local\\Google\\Chrome\\User Data\\Default\\Cache'),os.path.expanduser('~\\AppData\\Local\\Mozilla\\Firefox\\Profiles\\*\\cache2'),os.path.expanduser('~\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Edge\\User Data\\Default\\Cache')],'patterns': ['*'],'age_days': 7}]) elif self.os_type == 'linux':# Linux系统默认清理规则self.cleanup_rules.extend([{'name': '临时文件','paths': ['/tmp', '/var/tmp'],'patterns': ['*'],'age_days': 7},{'name': '用户缓存','paths': [os.path.expanduser('~/.cache')],'patterns': ['*'],'age_days': 30},{'name': '日志文件','paths': ['/var/log'],'patterns': ['*.log.*', '*.gz'],'age_days': 30}]) elif self.os_type == 'darwin': # macOS# macOS系统默认清理规则self.cleanup_rules.extend([{'name': '临时文件','paths': ['/tmp', '/var/tmp'],'patterns': ['*'],'age_days': 7},{'name': '用户缓存','paths': [os.path.expanduser('~/Library/Caches')],'patterns': ['*'],'age_days': 30},{'name': '日志文件','paths': [os.path.expanduser('~/Library/Logs')],'patterns': ['*.log.*'],'age_days': 30}])

def add_whitelist(self, paths):"""添加白名单路径"""if isinstance(paths, str):paths = [paths]for path in paths:self.whitelist.add(os.path.abspath(path))

def load_config(self, config_file):"""从配置文件加载清理规则"""try:with open(config_file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:config = json.load(f)

# 加载清理规则if 'cleanup_rules' in config:self.cleanup_rules = config['cleanup_rules']

# 加载白名单if 'whitelist' in config:self.add_whitelist(config['whitelist'])

return True except Exception as e:self.errors.append(f"加载配置文件失败: {e}") return False

def save_config(self, config_file):"""保存配置到文件"""try:config = {'cleanup_rules': self.cleanup_rules,'whitelist': list(self.whitelist)}

with open(config_file, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:json.dump(config, f, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)

return True except Exception as e:self.errors.append(f"保存配置文件失败: {e}") return False

def format_bytes(self, bytes_value):"""格式化字节单位"""for unit in ['B', 'KB', 'MB', 'GB', 'TB']:if bytes_value < 1024.0:return f"{bytes_value:.2f} {unit}"bytes_value /= 1024.0 return f"{bytes_value:.2f} PB"

def is_safe_path(self, path):"""检查路径是否安全"""# 检查是否在白名单中abs_path = os.path.abspath(path) for whitelist_path in self.whitelist:if abs_path.startswith(whitelist_path):return False

# 检查是否是系统关键目录critical_paths = []if self.os_type == 'windows':system_root = os.environ.get('SYSTEMROOT', 'C:\\Windows') critical_paths = [system_root, 'C:\\Program Files', 'C:\\Program Files (x86)']elif self.os_type in ['linux', 'darwin']:critical_paths = ['/bin', '/sbin', '/usr/bin', '/usr/sbin', '/etc', '/boot']

for critical_path in critical_paths:if abs_path.startswith(critical_path):return False

return True

def get_file_age(self, filepath):"""获取文件年龄（天数）"""try:file_time = os.path.getmtime(filepath) file_datetime = datetime.fromtimestamp(file_time) age = datetime.now() - file_datetime return age.days except:return 0

def match_patterns(self, filename, patterns):"""检查文件名是否匹配模式"""for pattern in patterns:if glob.fnmatch.fnmatch(filename, pattern):return True return False

def scan_files(self, rule):"""扫描符合规则的文件"""found_files = []

for path in rule['paths']:if not path or not os.path.exists(path):continue

try:# 递归遍历目录for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):# 跳过隐藏目录dirs[:] = [d for d in dirs if not d.startswith('.')]

for filename in files:# 跳过隐藏文件if filename.startswith('.'):continue

filepath = os.path.join(root, filename)

# 检查文件是否匹配模式if not self.match_patterns(filename, rule['patterns']):continue

# 检查文件年龄if 'age_days' in rule:file_age = self.get_file_age(filepath) if file_age < rule['age_days']:continue

# 检查路径安全性if not self.is_safe_path(filepath):continue

# 获取文件大小try:file_size = os.path.getsize(filepath) except:file_size = 0

found_files.append({'path': filepath,'size': file_size,'age': self.get_file_age(filepath)})

except Exception as e:self.errors.append(f"扫描目录 {path} 时出错: {e}")

return found_files

def preview_cleanup(self):"""预览清理操作"""print("系统清理预览") print("=" * 60) print(f"操作系统: {self.os_type}") print()

total_files = 0 total_size = 0

for rule in self.cleanup_rules:print(f"清理规则: {rule['name']}") files = self.scan_files(rule)

if files:rule_size = sum(f['size'] for f in files) print(f" 发现文件: {len(files)} 个") print(f" 预计释放: {self.format_bytes(rule_size)}") total_files += len(files) total_size += rule_size

# 显示前10个文件作为示例print(" 文件示例:") for i, file_info in enumerate(files[:10]):print(f" {file_info['path']} ({self.format_bytes(file_info['size'])}, {file_info['age']}天)") if len(files) > 10:print(f" ... 还有 {len(files) - 10} 个文件") else:print(" 未发现符合条件的文件") print()

print(f"总计:") print(f" 文件数量: {total_files}") print(f" 预计释放: {self.format_bytes(total_size)}")

return total_files, total_size

def perform_cleanup(self, dry_run=True):"""执行清理操作"""print(f"{'预览' if dry_run else '执行'}系统清理") print("=" * 60)

self.cleaned_files = []self.cleaned_size = 0 cleaned_count = 0

for rule in self.cleanup_rules:print(f"处理规则: {rule['name']}") files = self.scan_files(rule)

for file_info in files:filepath = file_info['path']filesize = file_info['size']

if dry_run:print(f" 将删除: {filepath} ({self.format_bytes(filesize)})") else:try:os.remove(filepath) print(f" 已删除: {filepath}") self.cleaned_files.append(filepath) self.cleaned_size += filesize cleaned_count += 1 except Exception as e:error_msg = f"删除文件 {filepath} 失败: {e}"print(f" 错误: {error_msg}") self.errors.append(error_msg)

print()

if not dry_run:print(f"清理完成:") print(f" 删除文件: {cleaned_count} 个") print(f" 释放空间: {self.format_bytes(self.cleaned_size)}")

return cleaned_count, self.cleaned_size

def clean_empty_dirs(self, dry_run=True):"""清理空目录"""print(f"{'预览' if dry_run else '执行'}空目录清理") print("=" * 60)

cleaned_dirs = 0

for rule in self.cleanup_rules:for path in rule['paths']:if not path or not os.path.exists(path):continue

try:for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path, topdown=False):# 检查目录是否为空if not os.listdir(root):if dry_run:print(f" 将删除空目录: {root}") else:try:os.rmdir(root) print(f" 已删除空目录: {root}") cleaned_dirs += 1 except Exception as e:error_msg = f"删除目录 {root} 失败: {e}"print(f" 错误: {error_msg}") self.errors.append(error_msg) except Exception as e:self.errors.append(f"遍历目录 {path} 时出错: {e}")

if not dry_run:print(f"空目录清理完成: {cleaned_dirs} 个目录")

return cleaned_dirs

def generate_report(self):"""生成清理报告"""report = []report.append("=" * 80) report.append("系统清理报告") report.append("=" * 80) report.append(f"清理时间: {datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')}") report.append(f"操作系统: {self.os_type}") report.append("")

# 清理统计report.append("清理统计:") report.append(f" 删除文件: {len(self.cleaned_files)} 个") report.append(f" 释放空间: {self.format_bytes(self.cleaned_size)}") report.append("")

# 清理的文件列表if self.cleaned_files:report.append("已清理的文件:") report.append("-" * 50) for filepath in self.cleaned_files:report.append(f" {filepath}") report.append("")

# 错误信息if self.errors:report.append("错误信息:") report.append("-" * 50) for error in self.errors[:20]: # 只显示前20个错误report.append(f" {error}") if len(self.errors) > 20:report.append(f" ... 还有 {len(self.errors) - 20} 个错误") report.append("")

report.append("=" * 80) return "\n".join(report)

def save_report(self, filename):"""保存报告到文件"""try:report = self.generate_report() with open(filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:f.write(report) print(f"报告已保存到: {filename}") return True except Exception as e:print(f"保存报告时出错: {e}") return False

def create_sample_config():"""创建示例配置文件"""config = {"cleanup_rules": [{"name": "自定义临时文件","paths": ["/custom/temp/path"],"patterns": ["*.tmp", "*.temp"],"age_days": 7}],"whitelist": ["/important/files/not/to/delete"]}

try:with open('cleaner_config.json', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:json.dump(config, f, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False) print("示例配置文件已创建: cleaner_config.json") return True except Exception as e:print(f"创建示例配置文件时出错: {e}") return False

def main():parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="系统清理工具") parser.add_argument("-c", "--config", help="配置文件路径") parser.add_argument("-p", "--preview", action="store_true", help="预览模式，不实际删除文件") parser.add_argument("-o", "--output", help="保存报告到文件") parser.add_argument("--create-config", action="store_true", help="创建示例配置文件") parser.add_argument("--clean-empty-dirs", action="store_true", help="清理空目录") parser.add_argument("--add-whitelist", action="append", help="添加白名单路径")

args = parser.parse_args()

# 创建示例配置文件if args.create_config:create_sample_config() return

try:cleaner = SystemCleaner()

# 加载配置文件if args.config:if not cleaner.load_config(args.config):print("加载配置文件失败") sys.exit(1)

# 添加白名单if args.add_whitelist:cleaner.add_whitelist(args.add_whitelist)

# 预览或执行清理if args.preview:cleaner.preview_cleanup() else:# 执行清理cleaned_count, cleaned_size = cleaner.perform_cleanup(dry_run=False)

# 清理空目录if args.clean_empty_dirs:cleaner.clean_empty_dirs(dry_run=False)

# 生成报告if args.output:cleaner.save_report(args.output) else:print(cleaner.generate_report())

except KeyboardInterrupt:print("\n\n用户中断操作") except Exception as e:print(f"程序执行出错: {e}") sys.exit(1)

# 预览清理操作（不实际删除文件）

python system_cleaner.py --preview

# 执行清理操作python system_cleaner.py

# 使用配置文件python system_cleaner.py -c cleaner_config.json

# 保存清理报告python system_cleaner.py -o cleanup_report.txt

# 清理空目录python system_cleaner.py --clean-empty-dirs